October 16, 2026

The day has come to transition from the Ancestral Pueblo people to nuclear bombs! (What a sentence to write?!) Well, kinda of. There was still some petroglyph seeking to be had before kicking off the main reason for this trip, would could culminate the next day at the Trinity Site. I’ve been strangely obsessed with radioactivity since a child (I’m weird… and Chernobyl still tops my bucket list, on there since 1996!), and though not one for war history, I do enjoy WWII and Cold War history, especially since I lived during the tail end of the Cold War and have spent most of my life surrounded by nuclear missiles living in southeastern Wyoming.

The Manhattan Project was an unprecedented, top-secret World War II government program in which the United States rushed to develop and deploy the world’s first atomic weapons before Nazi Germany. The use of these weapons by the United States against Japan in August 1945 ultimately became one of the most important historical events of the 20th century. The project ushered in the nuclear age and left enduring legacies that echo all around us today. The Manhattan Project took shape at three primary locations across the country: Hanford, Washington; Los Alamos, New Mexico; and Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

National Park Service – https://www.nps.gov/mapr/learn/manhattan-project.htm

Manhattan Project National Historical Park is a unique NPS unit spread across three states (Washington, New Mexico, and Tennessee). The location in Los Alamos has a visitor center (strangely located next door to Los Alamos Visitor Center… in the same building, both with two different passport stamps), and then you can self-tour around to various places throughout the community, including the house Oppenheimer lived in, a reconstructed Main Gate, and the Bradbury Science Museum (run by Los Alamos National Laboratory [LANL], not NPS)

Building the bombs themselves was not an easy task. Precise calculations and countless hours of experimentation were required to obtain the optimum specifications of size and shape. In early 1943, General Groves set up a bomb design and development laboratory at Los Alamos, New Mexico, with some of the world’s foremost scientists under the leadership of J. Robert Oppenheimer. The laboratory sat atop the Parajito Plateau in an isolated area in northern New Mexico. The uranium bomb utilized a straightforward gun method for creating a critical mass and nuclear explosion. In 1944, scientists determined that a gun-type bomb would not work for plutonium. They turned to the theoretical and extremely complex implosion method. Uncertain that it would work, officials tested the implosion method at the Trinity site in southern New Mexico on July 16, 1945. The Trinity Test ushered in the nuclear age with the world’s first human-caused nuclear explosion.

National Park Service – https://www.nps.gov/mapr/los-alamos.htm
Snowflakes scattered across the dark blue fabric of a tent.
We woke up to an ice-covered tent in Bandelier! It always sucks packing away a damp tent…

Lindsey and I ate an enjoyable breakfast at Ruby K’s Bagel Cafe, where I enjoyed the “Jack & Eggs” on a green chile bagel and steaming hot latte. I was starting to realize the “green chili” I so love is not the same as the “green chile” found all over New Mexico, which is literally just the chili peppers themselves. Here I thought I’d be getting a bagel sandwich smothered in chili, and instead had one loaded with spicy peppers. So that’s the difference between the I and the E in the words. Good thing I like both chili and chile!

Ham and onion bagel sandwich with a takeaway coffee on a café table
Breakfast at Ruby K’s Bagel Cafe, which is across the street from the visitor centers

With breakfast killing enough time for 9am to roll around, we then headed on the short walk down to the Bradbury Science Museum, the official museum of Los Alamos National Laboratory. This free museum is absolutely wonderful, and covers not only the Manhattan Project, but has exhibits on the lab’s current research (Lindsey and I geeked out over the vaccine development portion quite hard!), Cold War-nuclear age, and modern day “all things atomic.” The museum officially divides the exhibits into History, Defense, and Research. There’s also a gift shop, which of course we both love (yay trinkets!).

Entrance to the Bradbury Science Museum at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Not my best photography, ha! But the entrance to the Bradbury Science Museum. Entry is free, all they ask for is your zip code so they can track where visitors come from!
Museum wall display showing a timeline of global events from 2010 to 2013 with photos and headlines.
I loved the timeline going back to 1938 highlighting key world events and LANL’s contribution to various things

I would say the bulk of visitors at the museum were going to the Trinity Site Open House the next day, and we even recognized people who were at Valles Caldera the previous day. It almost felt like all working on the same group project! This made the exhibits quite crowded at times, but Lindsey and I seemed to be able to time things around the museum film to get some elbow room. My favorite exhibit was the big timeline panel, which started in 1938 and goes to today, and showcases key points in history along with LANL research.

Person pointing at a museum display featuring an Apple iPod, Nintendo Entertainment System, and HP-35 scientific calculator.
Feeling old because an iPod is a museum item now…
Museum exhibit titled “Manhattan Project Calculators,” featuring a Marchant mechanical calculator, IBM Model 601 multiplier, historical photographs, and information about wartime computing.
My mind is always blown at the things we accomplished before the computers we have nowadays!
Museum exhibit featuring a heavily wired nuclear test device beside a framed photograph of a nuclear explosion.
Replica of The Gadget, the world’s first atomic bomb that was detonated on July 16, 1945 at Trinity Site in the New Mexico desert
Fossilized remains displayed on a white museum exhibit platform behind glass.
Trinitite is the glassy residue left on the desert floor after the explosion of The Gadget
Display case showing Oppenheimer’s copy of The Bhagavad-Gita by Ryder, with an exhibit label from the Bradbury Science Museum.
Oppenheimer’s copy of Bhagavad Gita
Yellow and black bomb-shaped aircraft exhibit with informational display and colorful sticky notes in a museum gallery
Full scale replica of Fat Man, the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, in 1945
Colorful handwritten sticky notes covering a display beneath a sign reading “I’m concerned that…”
I took a lot of time reading the wall of sticky notes. Lots of calls for peace and commentary on modern-day politics of the U.S.

After a few hours at the Bradbury Science Museum, we popped into a consignment store for decals and postcards before walking our way to Bathtub Row, home to the houses of high-ranking scientists who were lucky enough to have bathtubs in their houses.

Rustic wooded house under construction with orange safety fencing and a general contractor sign in front.
Oppenheimer’s house! Under construction, but still cool to see!
Window display describing how Elsie McMillan and Lois Bradbury witnessed the Trinity atomic bomb flash on July 16, 1945.
Inside the Hans Bethe House
Metallic Apollo command module heat shield displayed in a museum exhibit with an informational plaque.
What, you mean you don’t also casually have an atomic warhead in the corner of your house?!
Bathroom with green tiled walls, bathtub, toilet, pedestal sink, radiator, and window with wooden blinds
Lindsey had a chuckle about my excitement over the bathrooms… but it looks like the one in my house (before I remodeled)!!! I have that same exact bathtub, and pre-remodel, I had tile just like that, just mine was pink instead of green. My house was built in 1940, so makes sense it has the same aesthetic. I have a Bathtub Row bathtub!
Museum exhibit featuring anti-nuclear posters, Los Alamos atomic history panels, buttons, and a "Birthplace of the Atomic Age" sign
Yeah, I could see how a nuclear bomb could ruin my day…
Green street signs for Oppenheimer Drive and Bathtub Row against a clear blue sky
Standing on a corner in Los Alamos…

To wrap up our Los Alamos morning, we popped into the NPS visitor center for passport stamps, which includes a unique one that is three parts, with each a stamp available in each of the three Manhattan Project NHP sites.

Our last stop on the way out of Los Alamos was at Main Gate Park, where a reconstruction of the security gate all people entering Los Alamos had to go through. The building houses restrooms. It was a fun stop as we wrapped up our Los Alamos experience!

Los Alamos Project Main Gate building with an entrance sign and mountain backdrop

Now it was time for a bit of driving, as we made our way to I-25 and headed towards Albuquerque. Never one to “orphan” a NPS unit, we detoured through the northern part of the city to Petroglyph National Monument.

Petroglyph National Monument protects a variety of cultural and natural resources including five volcanic cones, hundreds of archeological sites and an estimated 24,000 petroglyph images carved by Ancestral Pueblo peoples and early Spanish settlers.

Wikipedia
Person posing beside the Petroglyph National Monument sign in New Mexico
NPS unit #105 for me!
Desert visitor center with an American flag, native landscaping, and rocky mountain slope under a clear blue sky
Visitor center at Petroglyph National Monument

At the visitor center I asked the ranger what would be our best option for seeing petroglyphs without a lot of commitment (aka hiking). She recommended the Boca Negra Canyon area, located about two miles north of the visitor center (which does not have any hiking or petroglyphs to see). Unlike some other areas where binoculars and telephoto lenses would be best for viewing the petroglyphs, the very short trails at Boca Negra would get us up close. Sounds good to us!

Interpretive sign for Boca Negra Canyon Cliff Base Trail explaining the south-facing orientation and significance of prehistoric petroglyphs.
Hand holding a half-eaten sandwich wrapped in a napkin against a rocky hillside and blue sky
A sandwich, and some basalt!

After a quick lunch of tailgate sandwiches (are they still tailgate sandwiches if all I have is a rear hatch on my car?), we stripped off some areas in the hot sun and set out on the Cliff Base and Macaw Trails among the lovely dark black basalt boulders (I was probably loving the basalt as much as the petroglyphs, to be honest).

Desert trail winding through rocky volcanic terrain with shrubs and a visitor information sign under a clear blue sky.
Heading out on the Cliff Base Trail

I don’t have much to say about all the petroglpyhs, as I don’t know what they mean. I think that is why they appeal to me so much, and that is because nobody knows what they mean a lot of the times. So here are a bunch of photos I’ll, and we all can just personally interpret what they might mean! (I also want to note there was a lot of modern vandalism at this site, which was sad, so sometimes I had to stop and think on if something was a real petroglyph… most of the time it was obvious it was modern day BS, but occasionally I had to pause.)

Ancient petroglyphs etched into dark volcanic rocks at an archaeological site
Close-up of a dark volcanic rock formation against a clear blue sky
I highly suggest a telephoto lens on your camera so you can zoom in on petroglyphs that are farther back from the trail
Ancient petroglyph carved into a dark volcanic rock among rugged boulders under a clear blue sky
Ancient petroglyphs depicting human and animal figures carved into a dark volcanic rock surface
Dark lizard resting on a rocky gravel surface
Not a petroglyph….
Ancient petroglyph depicting a human-like figure carved into a dark volcanic rock surface
The macaw petroglyph

White I wish we had the time to do some of the longer trails and also see the Volcanoes area, I was pleased with our visit, and that we could see some of the petroglyphs up close.

All that was up next was driving a few hours south to our stop for the night, the Best Western in Socorro. This would give us much needed showers and a twenty-minute drive out to the Stallion Gate at White Sands Missile Range the next morning for the Trinity Site Open House. The hotel was filled with people hopeful to see the Trinity Site, and was even offering breakfast earlier than normal (still feeling like we were all doing the same group project!). After a dinner at Yo Mama’s Grill (within easy walking distance of the hotel), we settled in to enjoy solid cell service and Wifi and showers, and an early bedtime as an early alarm would beckon the next morning.

Cheeseburger with lettuce, tomato, onion, and pickle served with French fries on a plate
My green chile burger at Yo Mama’s

One response to “Pueblos, Nukes, & Some White Sand – Day 4: An atomic morning and petroglyph afternoon”

  1. Love this! We had a great time at Petroglyphs and Los Alamos, though we didn’t make it to Main Gate Park. I’m excited to read about the missile range and Trinity Site, as those are places I haven’t been.

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